MIN/Sp/AU/CAMH3/6 TB Page 11 3.1.4 New TB case: A patient who has never been treated with anti-TB medicines before or who has previously taken anti-tuberculosis treatment for less than one month. 3.1.5 Relapse case: A patient previously treated for TB who was declared cured or treatment completed, but is diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed TB again. 3.1.6 Treatment after Failure: A TB patient who is started on re-treatment anti-TB regimen after having failed on a previous treatment regimen. 3.1.7 Treatment after default: A TB patient who returns for treatment with positive bacteriology, following interruption of treatment for two months or more. 3.1.8 Other: All cases which do not fit the above standard definitions. 3.1.9 Case detection rate: proportion of identified TB cases relative to estimated existing cases in a referent population. Diagnosis is mainly among adults through sputum smear microscopy, culture or any other WHO recommended test for the diagnosis of TB. 3.2 Treatment outcomes of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB patients: 3.2.1 Cured: A new or re-treatment TB patient who is sputum smear positive at the beginning of treatment and is sputum smear /or culture negative in the last month of treatment and on at least one previous occasion during the course of treatment. 3.2.2 Treatment completed: A patient who has completed treatment but who does not meet the criteria to be classified as a cure or a failure. 3.2.3 Treatment success rate: proportion of TB cases on treatment who are cured, plus those who have completed treatment but have no bacteriological evidence for cure relative to all those smear and or culture positive that started treatment during a specified time cohort. 3.2.4 Treatment Failure: A patient who, while on first line or re-treatment regimen, is bacteriologically positive at 5 months or later during the course of treatment or found to harbour MDR or XDR strain at any point of time during the treatment. 3.2.5 TB death: A known TB patient who dies from any cause whilst still on TB treatment. 3.2.6 Treatment Defaulter: A patient whose treatment was interrupted for two consecutive months or more.