MIN/Sp/AU/CAMH3/6 HIV/AIDS Page 12 women attending antenatal care (ANC) have access to essential services to reduce MTCT. Effective PMTCT programs consist of the following elements: primary prevention of HIV infection among women of childbearing age, prevention of unintended pregnancies among HIVinfected women, and prevention of mother to child transmission. In 2007, over 470,000 HIV positive pregnant women reportedly received ARVs for PMTCT purposes —over 50% increase from 2006 figure of slightly over 300,000. This figure, despite representing commendable progress, it is estimated to represent only about one third of those in need of the service. Map 3.1 (on the right) shows the distribution of PMTCT coverage rates (%) in WHO African Region for 2007. The median percentage of ANC facilities in 23 countries offering PMTCT services is 31—ranging from 0 to 100% (Figure 3.9). Among these countries, the total number of ANC facilities offering PMTCT services is over 8,200, with a median of 129 per country—ranging from 0 in Comoros to 1,311 in Tanzania. In Egypt, 7.3% of pregnant women receive treatment in order to reduce mother-to-child transmission, whereas the percentage is 3.3 in Somalia.